Projects of houses with an attic with drawings +80 photos

First you need to understand what the attic is and how it differs from the attic. Both of these rooms in the house are located under the roof. Many of them are often confused, because they do not see the difference. Attic floor - the last in the house, it is located directly under the roof, but is designed for people to stay at any time of the year. It is necessarily warmed, supplied with electricity, water and heating. The facades of the attic and attic are fully or partially formed by the roof. The main difference between the premises from the second or third floor in a cottage or a country house is the height of the walls. Under it mean the distance from the floor to the intersection of the facade with the roof. It should not exceed 1.5 m, according to the conditions prescribed in the SNiP. If the height is a little more, then this is a full floor.

Attic - cold, non-residential premises. It can be equipped for summer vacation, but it is not possible to spend the winter in such a room. Usually in the attics equip storage of unnecessary things. However, the practice of storing rubbish is gradually fading away. If the room is intended for the location of communications, boiler room, engineering equipment, then the attic is called the technical floor. They are more common in apartment buildings. Another important difference between the attic and the attic is the presence of large windows, sometimes even built into the roof. For non-residential lighting is not a big deal. Projects of houses with an attic can be purchased in ready-made form in the design offices. The only way to get a free plan is to prepare it yourself, which will require a certain amount of knowledge. Let's talk about the design features of attic floors, options for their arrangement and popular styles that embody under the roofs of houses.

Features attic floors

The project of a house with an attic is an ideal option for those who want to use the building area to the maximum. In this regard, the additional living space is similar to the basement. In the past, basements were used exclusively for storing trash and placing equipment. Now they are equipping game rooms, home cinema halls, garages, saunas or laundries (as in typical American houses) in the basement. Without a plan-drawing build a loft is impossible. Everyone can really cope with construction work, although even here they often turn to companies that practice turnkey construction of objects. But it is right to make calculations of the loads on the foundation, to think out the location of all the structural elements, to calculate the consumption of materials, only a professional can, behind whom experience and a baggage of specialized knowledge.

Before construction, prepare several outline sketches - in section and from different points of view, and at the same time indicate the scale. The drawing must mark the location of window openings, stairs-entrance, communication lines, indicate the form and indicate the size. The most popular configuration among mansards is rectangular or square. The simple task seems only in words. Getting started, the average man is lost and does not even know where to start. Attic attracts plenty of light and fresh air. Its outer "box" includes two components:

Vertical (gable) walls. They are usually made of the same material as the facade of the house, as they are its logical continuation.
Sloping wall (side). It "begins" with a vertical surface (attic wall), and then its frame is the roof truss system. In the role of cladding the ceiling serves roof. To increase the attic area, change the angle of the roof and increase the height of the attic walls.

In wooden log cabins, vertical walls are made of wood. If the building is brick, then brick is used for the attic. Sometimes vertical walls are sheathed with decorative materials to match the rest of the facade. This is necessary in cases where it is necessary to update the exterior to fit it into the landscape design of the suburban area, or when the building itself has an unsightly appearance. For example, it was erected from expanded clay, gas silicate, expanded clay, cinder blocks or gas blocks. Such materials have an unattractive look and must be masked under a layer of finishing. For these purposes, use of porcelain, siding, decorative panels "under the brick" or stone. Sometimes outside the wall is trimmed with wood. The material looks very beautiful, but at the same time less practical than the more durable counterparts. A prerequisite for the arrangement of the attic becomes warming. Part of the task of preserving heat in the room rests on the decorative covering that protects the walls outside. Inside they are closed with heat and vapor insulation, between the layers of which mineral wool is placed, foam plastic. Then carry out communications and carry out finishing finishing. Next comes the design and distribution of functional areas in the attic, the placement of furniture, decoration.

There is still such a thing as a half penthouse. This is originally a residential floor, which is combined with the roof. The design has an expressive architecture and original appearance. Half-attic floor is also used for permanent residence. The height of its walls does not exceed 0.8 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with attic

The attic floor has both a number of advantages and a small list of drawbacks. The advantages include the following aspects:

If the construction of the attic was not originally included in the plans for the construction of the house, then at the expense of her living space can be increased even without leaving the cottage or cottage. Construction will go on its own, and the rest of the room can still be operated, that is, the construction is carried out independently. This practice is quite common when the family is growing, and housing becomes too close with time. This, perhaps, is the main advantage of the additional half-story.
Competently equipped attic will help reduce the heat loss of the building. This will reduce the load on the heating system and more economical energy consumption.
The original architectonics of the ceiling is ideally suited to unusual modern trends, where configuration is the basis of the composition.
The best insolation. Since the attic is a priori higher than any other room in the house, it receives more light. If the windows are built into the roof, then the sun's rays enter the room directly, even at noon.
Attic offers ample room planning options. Initially, the floor has no internal walls, so the decision on the placement of rooms, their size (width and length) are taken only by the owners of the house. Planning does not require the demolition of partitions or making significant changes. You can create zoning literally from scratch.
Good ventilation. The height at which the attic is located, promotes rapid air exchange.

The disadvantages include the following factors:

The need for air conditioning in hot summer. The roof heats up very quickly and gives off heat to the attic located closer to the rest of the premises. Unfortunately, in hot weather in the absence of air conditioning there will be a real “steam room”, as in a bath.
Some psychologists believe that not having a traditional "flat" ceiling over your head, many people may experience discomfort. The complex architecture of a broken roof looks very unusual and beautiful, however, an excessive pile of parts can really cause irritation over time. The configuration is easy to fix with the help of a special decoration, decor, color solution.
The high cost of special dormer windows, which will have to buy for spacious rooms, where some openings on the gables will not be enough.
With errors in construction, decoration, insulation, you can get a "cold" attic, which in the winter will not save even the most powerful heating boiler.
The accumulation of snow in the winter time on the windows of the attic windows, which will create an obstacle for light to enter the room.
No type of sound insulation completely eliminates rain "rustling" - the sounds of colliding drops from the roof. And it does not matter what type of coating is chosen (soft or hard). Although psychologists believe that the sound of water has a healing, sedative effect, sometimes it can be very annoying.

By the way, another advantage can be considered simplicity when placing a fireplace or stove. Stove heating can also be considered as an option. So it will be possible to save on the consumption of other resources (gas, electricity) and to create comfortable conditions in the attic in the winter time with the help of "live fire" from coal or firewood.

Device attic floor

To make a plan correctly, you need to consider a number of the following factors:

Living space. Its size is directly dependent on the type of roof. Some species create too many zones that cannot be used expediently. The most economical option is considered a hip roof. Its truss system, unlike the dual-slope, allows the use of every meter of the attic without "deaf" zones.
Budget. If he is very modest, then you will have to be content with a lean-to roof, as it is among the cheapest options.
Snow and wind load. Precipitation should be free to crawl off the roof, and not accumulate on it. In this case, the slope matters. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will create an additional load on the roof, which she can not withstand.
Choosing the right material for the roof system. Many people mistakenly believe that wood falls under the taboo. In fact, the SNiP allows the use of a tree if it has been properly processed beforehand. It also complies with the condition regarding the maximum height of the building - no more than 75 m, that is, an increased number of floors. Of course, for private households, these figures are considered exorbitant. On average, even for each three-story house there are more than twenty ordinary one-story buildings.
The condition of the foundation and facade. It takes into account not only the material from which the house was built, but also the terms of its operation, additional loads, general appearance (the presence of cracks or other damage). On this basis, choose a specific roof system and material for the roof.
Loads on the walls of the house and the foundation. Some types of roofs (sheds) distribute the load unevenly, that is, one side of the building may have to be further strengthened. Without knowledge in this area it is easy to make a mistake that threatens to turn into a collapse.

All these nuances are necessarily taken into account when designing the attic. Luxurious look additional floors with bay windows or terraces. In the second case, the home has access to the open air overlooking the courtyard, securely protected by a shed. Such verandas sometimes glaze. Bay structures most often in a form repeat similar ledges on the lower floors.

Roof trusses

Rafter farm - the core system, which keeps the roof. In fact, this is the “backbone”, the skeleton of the attic, which is covered with layers of roofing, insulation, communication lines, interior decoration. Rafter farm consists of a number of components, competent combination of which allows you to evenly distribute the load on the load-bearing walls of the house:

Mauerlat It is a log or timber, which is laid on the bearing wall. In essence, this is the "foundation" of a truss truss.
Ridge and side girders. These are beams that are placed horizontally. The first is placed directly under the ridge, and the rest is slightly lower, perpendicular to the truss "legs."
The struts, struts, diagonal connections - a system of communicative elements.
Suspended and hanging rafters.

Since the load on the roof roof is quite large, the roof truss should have a safety margin. It provides a quality connection between the individual components of the system. Most often for these purposes use bolts, screws, welding or groove-tongue type. The frame scheme truss truss choose depending on the type of roof, which will cover the attic floor. Also take into account the distance between the outer bearing walls. If it does not exceed the value of 6.5 m, then choose the slats. In other cases, resort to hanging supports. They are mounted on the tightening and on the power plate. If necessary, the design reinforce the additional connecting links.

Roof structure

The shape of the attic is directly dependent on the type of roof. Additional floors themselves may be rectangular, broken, triangular, asymmetric. Mansards can be located above the whole house or just above its part. Roofs, depending on the form, are classified into the following types:

Single Shed
Gables.
Triathlon.
Dome (conical, pyramidal).
Four-Pitch.

Tricycles and domes in the attic are very rare due to the complex architecture. The first were popular in Tsarist Russia, when the exquisite design of the house was an indicator of the wealth of the family. Domes are a very complex structure with no less "entangled" roof truss. Under the round roofs of transparent materials used to hide greenhouses in rich mansions. Judging by the sophistication of the architecture, such a roof is a grandiose structure, impressive and eye-catching. From a material point of view, such construction will be very expensive, and therefore is not always justified. Four-pitched are classified into four subspecies:

Hip.
Tent.
Half-hardened
Valnovo-pediment.

In the tent horse is completely absent. Attic under the roofs of the three remaining species have a broken architectonics, which is expressed not as brightly as in dual-slope roofs. For this reason, this nuance can be attributed to the advantages and not to the disadvantages.

Single bar

The design of a shed roof is considered the most simple. The roof is fixed on the bearing walls at an angle. Such roof architecture is laconic and even borders on primitivism. For single options, the angle of inclination is of great importance. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will accumulate, and the load on the roof will increase. Mansards under single-pitch roofs are not so often arranged. The room will have an asymmetrical shape due to the different height of the opposite walls. But windows, which look in the same row very neatly and consistently, are easily built into the lean-to roof.

Gable

Gable or gable roofs are quite simple to install and are considered a classic option for arranging attic floors. As it becomes clear from the name, such constructions have two slopes, which intersect at the top and rest against the ridge. Both planes "look" in different directions. Gable roofs are classified into three subspecies:

Symmetrical. Rays diverge at the same angles and are a mirror image of each other. The pediment has a simple configuration of an isosceles triangle, and the ridge is located in the center of the building.
Asymmetrical The ridge of such roofs is offset relative to the conditional center of the house. Ramps have equal length. Sometimes they are also called: the roofs "with a displaced ridge."
With broken slopes. This type of roof was specially designed for mansards and attics. Broken ramps allow you to increase the area of the roofing space.

The most popular variant of the gable roof is the "convex" with broken slopes. The ridge is located strictly in the center, and the pediment has the shape of an irregular but symmetrical pentagon.

Choosing a roof

The range of roofing materials is truly amazing. If you used to get along with traditional slate, laid on roofing felt, now the average person’s eyes run up at the sight of a wide selection. Depending on the stiffness of the materials are classified into two types:

Soft (shingles).
Hard (slate, metal).

When choosing a material also pay attention to the configuration of the roof. For complex, broken structures, not every type of roof is suitable. The most durable and beautiful option will be natural tile, which is made of clay by firing. The material will be very expensive, but the service life - more than 150 years - fully pays for the cost. Asbestos-cement slate and metal tile share the second place in popularity. The first is a mixture of cement base with asbestos reinforcing fibers. Although many competitors have emerged in recent years, it still holds a leading position in the market. Slate can be flat or wavy. Its classic color is gray, but some manufacturers paint the material in bright shades. The average service life of slate is 30 years. Metal tile - imitation of the same ceramic material, made of galvanized steel, which is covered with a protective polymer film on both sides. The texture and color of the material imitates the original in detail. The average service life of metal tiles is 15 years. It is fireproof, easy to install, durable and inexpensive. Slightly less popular are ondulin, corrugated (corrugated steel sheets) and piece composite, slate, bitumen, cement-sand tiles. Для крыш сложной конфигурации лучше использовать мягкий кровельный материал.

Окна и способы их открывания

На мансардных этажах используют как обычные вертикальные окна (встраивают во фронтоны), так и особые наклонные. Их располагают на крыше. The windows are called "attic". They literally look at the sky and give an incredible feeling during rain or starry nights when you can fall asleep, admiring the magnificent scenery. Distinguish them by type of opening. The usual swivel or tilt-and-turn mechanism does not occur in the skylights. The only exception will be "hatches" in the roof. Due to the specificity of the location (tilted), more often such double-glazed windows are equipped only with folding or sliding systems. Panoramic windows located on the gables look luxurious on the attic. There are also miniature "balconies", equipped with a folding mechanism. They open access to a small porch with a fence, a kind of mini-terrace.

Single-storey houses with attic

The problem of space shortage often worries owners of single-story houses. If the land is small and does not allow to increase the living space in width, you will have to turn your eyes upwards. A full second floor is not a cheap pleasure. We will have to significantly strengthen the structure and radically rebuild it. Attic can also be equipped in an existing attic, having carried out repair, insulation and finishing works. As for the cost, then reorganizing the finished space is much cheaper than building a new one.

Two-storey houses with attic

In two-storey houses attic will be an additional load on the structure. With its arrangement it is better to use non-massive furniture with low weight. If necessary, it is easy to rearrange it to a new place or replace it with another one. Alternatively, you can consider wicker chairs and chairs, plastic tables, walk-in closets instead of high-grade wardrobes or even garden furniture. It is recommended to divide the whole floor into rooms or zones using lightweight plasterboard partitions.

Room arrangement options

On the attic floor, you can equip absolutely any room: bedrooms, living rooms, children's rooms and playrooms. If there is a water supply, the placement of a bathroom or kitchen is allowed. In small penthouses, it is logical to arrange just one spacious room and carry out its zoning. If the floor is narrow, then from the stairs-entrance make two doorways to different rooms, which rest against opposite gables. Most often attic make out under the bedroom. Lack of space is usually caused by an increase in the family. Attic - a great option for arranging separate full-fledged children's rooms. This will allow the child to give personal space and at the same time not to sacrifice the existing functional rooms.

Popular stylistic directions

The design of attic floors adhere to the principles of conciseness and lightness. The interior should be simple and unobtrusive. The stylistic direction necessarily emphasizes the extraordinary architectonics of the ceiling, which is so often found on the attic floors and turns asymmetry into dignity, not disadvantage. Since it is undesirable to use solid furniture and an abundance of decor, the classics in all its manifestations should be excluded. Most often, designers practice using the following styles:

Chalet. Alpine direction is based on the use of wood. The array can be replaced with thin sheets of veneer in the finish. They will be in harmony with the bar from which the house is built. The unusual architecture of the ceiling is supplemented with decorative beams and logs. Furniture use a minimum: wicker chairs, chairs, a bed with a wooden frame. From the decor, choose soft skins for the floor, deer horns on the walls and stylish lamps in a metal frame, hanging from chains on the ceiling beams.
Minimalism. This style easily adapts to both small spaces and spacious rooms. All furniture is compact. This direction fills the harmony of space, light and color. Ideal for this kind of economy repair. In color scale prevails white and gray. The decor is almost never used. From the furniture they leave only a low coffee table, a group of chairs, a compact corner wardrobe-dressing room and a bed.
Laconic Russian ethnic style. Colorful direction that is associated with the towers in dense Siberian forests. The interior decoration is not amazing luxury: using simple furniture, made by artisanal method with coarse, poorly processed surfaces. Available wood prevails in the interior - the material is typical for Russian villages. All shades of brown are used in the color palette: from dark chocolate to yellow. Decorate the room with home-woven paths, embroidered curtains, groups of hand-painted dishes on stands. If there is a fireplace on the attic floor, then it is styled as an old Russian stove and whitened.
Provence. This is one of the sub-types of rustic style. Indoors also prevail wooden surfaces. Furniture is chosen from the old "grandmother's" sets, which are repainted to give a more respectable look. The best decor will be fresh flowers in pots and porcelain vases. You can liven up the room with the help of small sculptures, massive candelabra, flirty floral curtains and groups of soft pillows on the couch or bed. In the color palette prevails white and pastel colors.

Also, in the arrangement of the attic using a light Japanese style, concise Scandinavian and high-tech high-tech. If the building is made of brick, then a loft will fit such walls. They do not even have to finish further. Naked brickwork will become part of the interior.

Conclusion

Attic - the lot not only private homes. In high-rise buildings often sell apartments located directly under the roof. With small-sized housing, they usually have nothing in common, striking large spaces. In such apartments studios and workshops are equipped. However, the real comfort of a comfortable attic in a private house can not be compared with anything. Attic - a great option for large families with a limited budget.