The origin of stucco in the interior takes from the times of ancient Greece and Rome, and therefore is considered to be one of the oldest decors. It found widespread use in the era of classicism, baroque, and the empire style, but later was not forgotten.
Of course, modern stucco is not the same, it is improved, presented to the consumer with optimal performance at an affordable price. In the shops of various kinds of stucco decor is represented by individual parts, which are combined into a single composition. The process of modeling is not similar to the work of ancient architects, but the visual effect is no less naturalistic.
Materials for the manufacture of stucco
Once the moldings had to be created from cement mortar, lime, plaster or gypsum. Nowadays, special plaster mixes are used, as well as ready-made polyurethane or polystyrene decor (also known as foam plastic), which is simply glued onto a previously prepared surface and then painted. Each of the options has its advantages and disadvantages.
Polyurethane stucco
Due to the strength and pleasant texture, the material is close to genuine plaster moldings. In addition, he is not afraid of various temperature conditions, humidity and light mechanical damage. Painted absolutely any colors. There are also special kits that allow you to create the effect of antiquity. If it is necessary to paste over a curved surface, it is important to choose a material with the necessary flexibility, usually the manufacturer makes a mark about this.
Polystyrene decor
Details from polyfoam easy, flexible, cheap. Virtually every home has polystyrene ceiling skirting, which is a simple stucco decoration. The main disadvantage of products in quality. It is better to use polystyrene in places inaccessible for humans and domestic animals, since it is easy to keep dents on it.
Plaster stucco
One of the most difficult materials in work, demands certain skills and experience. Gypsum stucco weighs relatively much, and fix it is not easy. Of the positive qualities worth noting aesthetic qualities and unlimited options for performance. In addition to ready-made decors, manufacturers offer gypsum mixes to create unique patterns and bas-reliefs.
Types of stucco for interior decoration
The whole picture of stucco is created by combining many different parts, like a designer.
There are a lot of types of decor, consider the main ones:
- Plinth - slats, covering the junction of the floor and walls. It is this detail that is least likely to be stucco. Usually wooden or plastic plinths are matched to the tone of the floor covering;
- Eaves - Decorative slats of different thickness, which covers the corner formed by the wall and ceiling;
- Molding - plank with three-dimensional pattern. It is used to veil the joints of dissimilar materials, for framing arches, frames, eaves, etc.
- The bas-relief is a full-fledged sculptural composition protruding above the plane.
- Rosette - stucco molding of different shapes, framing the place of attachment of the lamp;
- Bracket - supporting element protruding parts. It can be decorated with various curls;
- Column - the name that fully reflects the essence of the subject. The design element consists of three parts: the base (bottom support), the column itself, the crowning part (capital or pilaster);
- Niche - mounted on the wall, used to install the statue, font, other items.
In addition to these basic elements, there is also a mass of other details: various cutters, angles, pediments, center pieces, patterns, curls, individual details of the ornament.
What styles of interior stucco is most appropriate
Full stucco may not be present in all styles. Of course, it is not only about the ceiling cornice or plinth.
Empire
The main feature of this style is imperial luxury, which helps to emphasize gilded stucco. In the interior design must be present massive heavyweight mahogany furniture. Typical ornaments are spears, oak branches, arrows, bows, other militant symbols, eagles, laurel wreaths, female figures based on Pompeian murals.
Art Deco
A visual reflection of the "turbulent" 20s of the last century. This style also represents wealth and luxury, in addition to the stucco is represented by expensive materials, skins of exotic animals, rich colors. Elements of stucco: animals and birds, but the interior should not be overloaded, preference is given to clear lines, simple geometric shapes.
Baroque
A separate round of development of classicism, which is characterized by solemnity, pomp, visual increase in space by any possible means. Baroque, among other things, is distinguished by an abundance of sculptures, twisted columns, numerous mirrors, carpets, and tapestries. A characteristic ornament of stucco will be heavy garlands of fruits and flowers, cartouches, a diamond-shaped net with rosettes, a complex ornament.
Rococo
The interior ensemble emphasizes festivity and playfulness. Increased attention to the mythology, erotic scenes. Style is perfect for creating an intimate atmosphere. In everything, asymmetry is traced, the curvilinearity of the contours, various kinds of curls and waves, the excess of small decor goes from the walls to the ceiling. Often the central deity is Venus, surrounded by nymphs, cupids, satyrs.
Greek style
The embodiment of rationality, simplicity, harmony, perfection. The favorite Greek motif is a circle inscribed in a square. The style primarily highlights the rectangular shape of the room with columns at the corners that hold the ceiling beams. White-colored stucco, furniture, knitwear, sculptures contrast with the rich color of the walls. The floor is characterized by marble flooring. Greek style stucco: columns, motifs of flowers, fruits, grapes, sculptures, Greek vases.
Classicism
It is expressed by restraint, harmony and straightness of forms. Classic design with all its pomp can look more neat than a modern high-tech. In the stucco molding there are clear straight lines, squares, rectangles, rosettes, flowers, different ornaments, patterns, repetition of simple motifs are used. Sometimes symbols of love will be appropriate: birds, torches, flowers.
Renaissance
Reflects the ancient Roman and ancient Greek traditions of ostentatious luxury. The wealth is emphasized by the spaciousness of the room. Style pays great attention to the decor: columns, cornices, ornament, wall painting, ceiling. Used solid furniture made of dark or light wood. Stucco molding can be very diverse: elements of the animal, plant world, naked human bodies, coats of arms, plump babies, plant shoots, fruits, chimeras.
Modern
One of the most popular areas, which is characterized by the rejection of symmetry. Due to its simplicity, it fits perfectly into the space of modern apartments. Reflects the desire for simplicity without compromising grace. In this case, all that is connected with nature serves as a stucco decoration: plants, mollusks, mushrooms, water streams, curved wavy lines, languid female faces with long hair that are lost in the folds of light clothes.
Fretwork in a modern interior
Stucco in an apartment or house gives the situation a luxurious look, makes it original, but not devoid of grace. The decor allows you to create special visual effects, for example, the infinity of the ceiling or the recess of the wall. Different patterned strips, closing the gaps and joints, correct the errors of finishing, effectively complement the line of connection of different materials and surfaces. Behind the stucco ceiling skirtings sometimes place hidden lighting.
Ceiling chandeliers are framed with a suitable outlet with a pattern. Decorative platbands, medallions, garlands allow you to decorate niches, decorate the planes of walls, doors, windows, arches or mirrors.
Numerous examples of stucco in the interior are suitable for inspiration, but it is better to select the layout scheme and the decor set individually, taking into account the particular layout, arrangement of furniture.
Stucco molding is a great way to create an imitation of a caisson ceiling, but at the same time cheaper, lighter and more elegant. More interesting will look openings decorated with plaster moldings. Often, modern interiors are decorated with bas-reliefs.
A professional artist working with gypsum will help translate into reality any idea, create three-dimensional decorative elements or full-fledged panels. With the help of stucco easily emphasize the significant elements of the interior. Increasingly, wall decor surround 3D panels.
Many people mistakenly believe that stucco should be white. Meanwhile, at all times it was decorated with gold leaf or painted. Today, the options are even more. At the request of the customer, the stucco can be painted in absolutely any shade, tinted under wood or marble, gilded, silvered or with the effect of aging.
Without a doubt stucco in the design of the apartment has a lot of advantages. But before decorating a living room, kitchen or bedroom, surround decor should consider whether it will look harmonious and not look like an alien element. Excess jewelry, frivolity, is more undesirable than a disadvantage. Inappropriate stucco will be at a ceiling height of less than 3 meters. You should also not use it in small rooms, a feeling of clutter will appear, the situation will overwork.
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